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VB中实现“擦视”技术 |
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在电影和电视中应尽量避免“跳跃分隔”的镜头画面,同样VB5软件设计时,窗体间切换时也应该做到平滑自然,这就是所说的“擦视技术”(Wipe)。如何实现“擦视技术”,大家都会想到一个功能强大的API函数——位块传输Bitblt( )函数,本文主要探讨以下两个问题: (1)Bitblt( )函数只能实现图像的位块传输,那么如何实现背景与控件界面一同擦视; (2)调用Bitblt( )函数需要传递一长串繁琐的参数,那么如何用一个通用过程将其模块化,使其通用性强,使用简单。 窗体中的控件虽然不能被擦视,但图像能实现,我们可以首先“拍”下要切换的两个窗体界面的图片,当需要擦视切换时,将一个载有该图片的过渡窗体Show出来,在该窗体上实现擦视切换(以下给出了5种擦视方法),擦视完毕后将其Hide,并将第二个窗体Show出来,这样在视觉上毫无破绽,具体方法如下: 编写一个通用的Wipe过程实现擦视 (1)在一个新工程中添加一个窗体,该窗体只含一个PictureBox控件,属性设置如下: 对象 Name AutoRedraw ScaleMode Visible BorderStyle Form FrmWipe True 3---pixel 0---None PictureBox PicResource True 3---pixel False (2)添加一个标准模块Wipe.bas其代码如下: Declare Function BitBlt Lib "gdi32" (ByVal hDestDC As Long, ByVal x As Long, ByVal y As- Long, ByVal _ nWidth As Long, ByVal nHeight As Long, ByVal hSrcDC As Long, ByVal xSrc As Long, ByVal ySrc As _ Long, ByVal dwRop As Long) As Long Public FrmOriginal As Form Public FrmNextOne As Form Public WipeMode As Integer Public strDestine, strResource As String ' 定义Wipe过程 Public Sub Wipe(iMode As Integer, WipeStrDestine As String, WipeStrResource As String, frmHide As Form,_ frmShow As Form) ‘iMode为擦视方式,WipeStrDestine和WipeStrResource为图片路径,frmHide和 WipeMode = iMode ‘frmShow为切换窗体 Set FrmNextOne = frmShow Set FrmOriginal = frmHide strDestine = WipeStrDestine strResource = WipeStrResource FrmWipe.Show ‘Show出过度窗体 End Sub (3)在FrmWipe窗体的Form_Initialize( )、Form_Activate( )和Form_Deactivate( )事件中添加代码如下: Private Sub Form_Activate() Dim iMoveStep, xMax, yMax, iEndMax As Integer Dim w, h, iTemp, i, X1, Y1, ij As Integer Dim kxy As Single Dim blnStop As Boolean MousePointer = 11 '让鼠标成沙漏 FrmWipe.Picture = LoadPicture(strDestine) PicResource.Picture = LoadPicture(strResource) blnStop = False iMoveStep = 0 xMax = FrmWipe.ScaleWidth / 2 yMax = FrmWipe.ScaleHeight / 2 kxy = yMax / xMax h = FrmWipe.ScaleHeight While blnStop = False Select Case WipeMode '擦视方式 Case 1 '从中间向周围擦视 iEndMax = xMax X1 = xMax - iMoveStep w = iMoveStep * 2 Y1 = CInt(yMax - iMoveStep * kxy) h = CInt(2 * iMoveStep * kxy) i = BitBlt(FrmWipe.hDC, X1, Y1, w, h, PicResource.hDC, X1, Y1, &HCC0020) Case 2 '从左向右擦视 iEndMax = xMax w = iMoveStep * 2 i = BitBlt(FrmWipe.hDC, 0, 0, w, h, PicResource.hDC, X1, Y1, &HCC0020) Case 3 '从左右向中间擦视 iEndMax = xMax w = iMoveStep i = BitBlt(FrmWipe.hDC, 0, 0, w, h, PicResource.hDC, 0, 0, &HCC0020) X1 = ScaleWidth - iMoveStep i = BitBlt(FrmWipe.hDC, X1, 0, w, h, PicResource.hDC, X1, 0, &HCC0020) Case 4 '呈百叶窗状擦视 iEndMax = CInt(2 * xMax / 10) iTemp = CInt(2 * xMax / 10) w = iMoveStep - 7 For ij = 0 To 9 i = BitBlt(FrmWipe.hDC, iTemp * ij, 0, w, h, PicResource.hDC, iTemp * ij, 0, &HCC0020) Next Case 5 '从中间向左右 iEndMax = xMax w = iMoveStep * 2 X1 = xMax - iMoveStep i = BitBlt(FrmWipe.hDC, X1, 0, w, h, PicResource.hDC, X1, 0, &HCC0020) End Select Refresh iMoveStep = iMoveStep + 8 ‘加上不同的常量可改变擦视速度 If iMoveStep > iEndMax Then ‘结束条件 blnStop = True End If Wend FrmNextOne.Show 'show出第二个窗体 FrmOriginal.Hide '隐藏原窗体,也可以Unload FrmWipe.Hide '隐藏过渡窗体,也可以Unload End Sub Private Sub Form_Deactivate() FrmWipe.Picture = LoadPicture() ‘清空图片释放内存 PicResource.Picture = LoadPicture() End Sub Private Sub Form_Initialize() FrmWipe.WindowState = FrmOriginal.WindowState ' 使各个窗体的大小、位置一致 If FrmOriginal.WindowState < > 2 Then FrmWipe.Width = FrmNextOne.Width FrmWipe.Height = FrmNextOne.Height FrmWipe.Top = FrmOriginal.Top FrmWipe.Left = FrmOriginal.Left FrmNextOne.Top = FrmOriginal.Top FrmNextOne.Left = FrmOriginal.Left FrmNextOne.Width = FrmOriginal.Width FrmNextOne.Height = FrmOriginal.Height End If End Sub 应用举例 当程序设计中窗体切换需要擦视时,只需将上述窗体FrmWipe.frm和模块Wipe.bas添加到您的工程中,并在您需要擦视的事件中调用Wipe过程即可轻松地实现擦视技术。假设您需要通过单击按钮(名为cmdChangeToForm1和cmdChangeToForm2),在Form1和Form2间相互擦视切换,可在Form1中的cmdChangeToForm2_Click( )和Form2中的cmdChangeToForm1_Click( )事件中调用Wipe过程。假设“拍”下来两幅界面图片放在:VB5\Background\子目录下名为:PicForm1.jpgPic和PicForm2.jpg。(用Windows中的画图、图片编辑器或PhotoShop均可实现) Private Sub cmdChangeToForm2_Click() Wipe 4, App.Path + "\back\PicForm1.jpg", App.Path + "\back\PicForm2.jpg", Form1, Form2 End Sub ‘调用Wipe过程,4表示用第四种方法擦视 Private Sub cmdChangeToForm1_Click() Wipe 1, App.Path + "\back\PicForm2.jpg", App.Path + "\back\PicForm1.jpg", Form2, Form1 End Sub |
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